Chemistry Lab report Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chemistry Lab report - Coursework Example In this lab, we aim to build a working model of a self heating cup using the heat released during an exothermic reaction. We shall also compare two chemical reactions to find which reactant causes water in the cup to reach higher temperature in a shorter duration. In our simulation of the self-heating cup, the heat energy from an exothermic reaction is used to heat water. Temperature of the water in the cup increases due to transfer of heat energy from the reaction to the cup through conduction. If there is no heat loss during the experiment, A plastic cup was covered with aluminum foil to prevent its melting on exposure to heat. Tap water (75 mL) was added to the cup. To prevent heat loss from the cup, a lid made of aluminum foil was placed over the cup and two holes were made to the lid. Through one hole in the lid, a digital thermometer was placed to record temperature of water in the cup. The digital thermometer was connected to a data logger in order to record the temperature and to plot a temperature-time graph. A glass rod was placed through the other hole for stirring. The outer walls and bottom of a clean beaker were covered by aluminum foil in order to prevent heat loss during the reaction. Anhydrous calcium chloride (61.95 g) was added to the beaker. Water to be added to the calcium chloride was measured (61 mL) and kept handy. Just before placing the cup on the beaker, the recording of temperature of water in the cup was started. Water was added to calcium chloride in the beaker and immediately, the cup was placed on the beaker, touching the solution. Temperature was recorded for 10 minutes, with constant stirring using the glass rod. The stirring is essential to ensure even heating of water in the cup. A new cup and beaker were readied in a similar manner. To the new beaker, copper sulfate (9.25 g) and zinc powder (4.8 g) were added. When the apparatus was set up, 5 mL

Macro O Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Macro O - Assignment Example The impressive employment and inflation figures in Germany may be attributed to sound economic policies that the country has held over the years. For instance, by reducing public spending and ensuring high standards of accountability in the government’s system, Germany was able to withstand the turbulent effects of the European debt crisis that affected some European countries, though the debt crises affected other Eurozone members leading to the current inflation rate in Germany. The country has the Euro as its main currency though undervalued compared to Deutschmark’s real value. Moreover, Germany is one of the countries that have managed to raise the working hour flexibility and reduction in structural unemployment. These factors have been critical in sustaining Germany’s economy, leading to a sound job market that translates in a low unemployment rate. Strong fiscal policies in public spending and deficit cuts have led Germany to reduce its debt burdens, a si gnificant step towards controlling its inflation rates. However, Germany’s unemployment rate may be blamed on its transition system of education that holds many youths in vocational schools, which hardly translate to real job opportunities. Such transition schools do not offer skills that are relevant in the market, with graduates from these centres failing to secure jobs. One way to reduce the unemployment rate is to deal with policies that would encourage Foreign Direct investments, FDIs. Currently, FDI in Germany stands at $40.4 billion (Heritage Foundation, 2013). This is not enough for a country with a sound economy and better export terms than its Eurozone members are. By attracting FDIs, more economic activities will spur across the country, suggesting more employment and reduced inflation rates. 2. German fiscal policies are designed with a view to reduce unemployment levels and prevent any recessionary forces in the economy. For instance, in 2010, the government had to cut more than 14 million euros in taxes; in 2011, the government agreed to cut another 24 million in income taxes (Stifftung, 2013). The benefit of tax cuts as a fiscal policy in Germany was that the government managed to close a significant recession gap. The result was stimulated economic growth through encouraged consumption. Furthermore, the economy had a better chance to readjust while the government concentrates more in job creation. This explains why Germany has a stable economy considering the low taxation and increased employment opportunities. However, the disadvantage was that the government through these tax cuts reduced its budgetary allocations to important sectors in the development of the country. The country could have funded social development projects with the huge amounts of taxes forfeited in tax cuts. The European Central Bank is mainly responsible for Germany’s monetary policies (Stifftung, 2013). When the bank raises interest rates to curb rising in flation rates, the result is a change in the cost of living considering commodities will have unstable prices as a response to the interest rates increase. Most Germans would have to save rather than spend, faced increased costs of borrowing that hampered developments and higher interests rates for government debts. The increase would have a negative effect on both the government and Germans in general and may have slowed down development. However, such an increase in interest rates

Professional Advertising Agency and British Airways Promotional Campai

A Professional Advertising Agency Contributes to British Airways' Promotional Campaign A professional campaign can contribute to a promotional campaign in many ways which could help BA to establish a stronger message to the public, an advertising agency depending on its experience in dealing with big company like BA can contribute a professional handling of all BA’s advertising needs. This means handling BA’s advertising campaign from start till finish, the agency even deals with the expenses of their clients promotional campaign. An agency guarantees a professional and fresh approach to advertising because a big company like BA who handles its own advertising after years can run out of ideas, that’s where a professional agency comes into picture it enables the company to offload some of its advertising responsibilities so that the business can focus on other aspects of the company without having to worry about their promotional campaign. An advertising agency can contribute to their clients in terms of successful promotional campaign by helping their clients to: Â · Use innovative approach – this means an agency can help a company to look at other aspect of approaching customers, other ways of getting the message across. An agency can make a company more effective in communicating with customers. Â · Plan media – this means an advertising agency also contributes key areas such as media selection. Advertising agency also involves around media planni...

Intercultural Society Essay

It is interesting that Raymond Williams creates a division between high class culture and lower class culture, suggesting that culture is ordinary, shared and common. If this is the case why does he emphasise a division in light of this concept? And if we all share a common culture can there be a division? It is difficult to understand the term culture. What is culture? Is it a utopian dream, is it a shared group of interests that bring a community together, or is it just simply a way of life? There are so many questions surrounding culture and its meaning. Raymond Williams described culture as â€Å"maps of meaning through which the world is made intelligible†, whether we agree with this definition or not, he was right in saying that the term culture is one of the most â€Å"complicated words in the English language†; Culture is one of the two or three most complicated words in the English language. This is so partly because of its intricate historical development {†¦} but mainly because it has now come to be used for important concepts in several distinct intellectual disciplines and in several distinct and incompatible systems of thought. To formulate an essay entirely on cultures meaning would be extremely difficult due to its meaning being so vast and indescribable and would therefore not lead to any relevant conclusion. Culture has a paradigmatic complexity and it’s this that makes it so hard to analyse effectively. However, if you were to place a leading phrase in front of the word â€Å"culture† , a word that defines its disciplines, it becomes more identifiable; pop culture, oral culture and print culture. Throughout this essay I will be mainly focusing on internet culture and will describe my understanding of the term and will address the key questions regarding the movement towards the internet revolution in terms of mass media. But before I discuss Internet culture it is imperative that I decipher the essence of mass culture and mass media. To understand the term â€Å"mass†, it is important to study Gustave Lebon. Although there have been many more recent theorists that have discussed the term â€Å"mass†; including Karl Max, John Stuart Mills and Mathew Arnold, Lebon’s theories on â€Å"mass† have pervaded disputes on the subject ever since. A quote specifically that is questioned today is his warning that â€Å"the age we are about to enter will in truth be the era of crowds† ([1895] 1916, p. 3), at a time when working class parties were more present and when western societies were dealing with the growth of industrialisation and mass migration to popular cities. His book â€Å"La psychologie des foules† was cited for its treatise to crowds, however is much more about the advent of mass society in physiological terms. He discusses â€Å"contagion, loss of individuality, and regression to a more primitive mental state were his favourite terms†. The reason for the book being described as a treatise for the mass is his connotation of crowd behaviour within a larger mass. For example Lebon quotes, â€Å"thousands of isolated individuals may acquire at certain moments, and under the influence of certain violent emotions — such, for example, as a great national event — the characteristics of a psychological crowd†. However, the mere coming together of a crowd is not sufficient enough to cause the disappearance of the conscious personality and to turn the feelings and emotions of a large group of people into synchronisation. At the same time, a crowd may cause its members to all behave in a rebellious nature, causing a local uprising, as it develops into a mass movement. Lebon describes the immediate crowd and the scattered crowd to be generically similar, in terms of the impulses that its participants receive, most of these impulses only lasting for no more than a day and even â€Å"the more important ones scarcely outlive a generation† (1926, p. 167). It is important here to note the effect of mass media and communication. Lebon assigned the responsibility of the unpredictability of the public opinion to the newspapers. Mass media such as newspapers act as a vehicle for the masses to exert influence on statesman whose fear of ever shifting public opinion is so great that the press becomes the â€Å"supreme guiding principle in politics† ([1896] 1926, p. 170) . Lebon sees everything and anything including culture, dragged down by mass media; â€Å"Contagion,† once having done its work among the lower classes, reaches the higher ones, so that in the end, â€Å"every opinion adopted by the populace always ends in implanting itself with great vigour in the higher social strata† ([1896] 1926, p. 46). Another theorist although overshadowed by Labon is Gabriel Tarde who has a less psychological and more sociological view of the effects of mass in society. The main question that he puts forward is what is it that unites a crowd of people â€Å"who do not come in contact, do not meet or hear each other; [but] are all sitting in their own homes scattered over a vast territory, reading th e same newspaper? † ([1898] 1969, p. 278). Tarde came to the conclusion that the aspect that unites people from a variety of geographical locations lays â€Å"in their simultaneous conviction or passion and in their awareness of sharing at the same time an idea or a wish with a great number of other men [sic]† ([1898] 1969, p. 278). He argues that the concept of imitation does not arise from the interaction with other members of the public on the streets within your community but of a population who are all reading the same newspapers. Without this mass readership Tarde argues that this mass public opinion could not exist on a large scale and could only exists within individual communities or within crowds limited to a range that one human voice can be heard. Perhaps this connotation reflects Williams theory that culture is ordinary in that he argues that culture is â€Å"not elitist and compartmentalized, but a continual negotiation of power via interactions, texts, and ideas† (http://cltrlstdies. logspot. com). Tarde looked upon the press medium as the major form of public communication, but never argues that this form of media could ever be a substitute to the informal discussions amongst families and neighbours. He does however look upon three other interventions, printing, the railroad and the telegraph, enabling the mass to come together more intensively and are â€Å"combined to create the formidable power of the press . . . hat prodigious telephone which has so inordinately enlarged the former audie nces of orators and preachers†, therefore enabling all publicists and promoters to have leadership over the public. It may seem that Tarde was echoing Lebon’s theory, but he certainly was not. Tarde was discussing a pluralistic society by describing the present as â€Å"the era of the public or publics†. He suggested that one cannot be part of more than one crowd at the same time, so that, â€Å"the gradual substitution of publics for crowds . . is always accompanied by progress in tolerance† ([1898] 1969, p. 281). He does however suggest that an over public can deteriorate into a crowd but that a â€Å"fall from public to crowd, though extremely dangerous, is fairly rare and] it remains evident that the opposition of two publics, always ready to fuse along their indistinct] . . . boundaries, is a lesser danger to social peace than the encounter of two opposing crowds†.

The Life of Aretha Louise Franklin - 723 Words

Aretha Louise Franklin also known as the Queen of Soul was born on March 25, 1942 in Memphis Tennessee. She is known for being a solo singer, and also a very talented pianist. Soul, RB, Jazz, and Gospel are genres that she sings. Throughout her career she signed with Colombia Records and has released many popular singles that would now be considered classical. Aretha became the first female artist to be introduced into the Rock and Roll Hall of fame. Up until this day Aretha is still alive living at age seventy two and has won many Grammy awards and considered one of the most honored artist. Aretha was born into a family that attended church, her father who was a Baptist preacher and gospel singer parents. She was the fourth of five children, and lost her mother from a heart attack, four years after her parents had gotten divorced. Aretha was then moved with her dad and siblings to Michigan where they attended a church named, Detroit’s New Baptists. Her father was recognized as a preacher and her talent was starting to peek out when she would sing at her Father’s congregation. She was mostly self-taught herself and was known to be a child prodigy, with a nice voice and a gifted pianist. A few days after Franklin had just turned just fifteen years old, she gave birth to her oldest son, Clerence. Two years later her second child was born, whom she named Edward. The father of Clerence and Edward was never known, because Aretha never revealed the man’s identity. Both of her

25 Activities for Customer Service Excellence - 16252 Words

25 Reproducible Activities for Customer Service Excellence Peter R. Garber HRD Press, Inc. †¢ Amherst †¢ Massachusetts Copyright  © 2005, HRD Press, Inc. The materials that appear in this book, other than those quoted from prior sources, may be reproduced for educational/training activities. There is no requirement to obtain special permission for such uses. We do, however, ask that the following statement appear on all reproductions: Reproduced from 25 Reproducible Activities for Customer Service Excellence, by Peter R. Garber. Amherst, Massachusetts: HRD Press, 2005. This permission statement is limited to reproduction of materials for educational or training events. Systematic or large-scale reproduction or distribution—or†¦show more content†¦117 21. The ABCs of Customer Service................................................................. 127 Part 5—Achieving Results................................................................................. 133 22. Self-Fulfilling Prophecies .......................................................................... 135 23. Word Games............................................................................................... 139 24. Winning and Losing with the Customer .................................................... 145 25. Buying Decisions ....................................................................................... 149 v Preface Customers are the life blood of any business, and providing great customer service is critically important. Keeping the customer satisfied needs to be the goal of everyone in the organization. Think about how you feel when you play the role of a customer yourself. How do you feel when you receive poor customer service as you spend your hard-earned money? Would you continue to do business with a company that didn’t understand your needs, or worse yet, didn’t care? Of course not. 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An Reflective Writing On Behavioral Issues And Management

Introduction This reflective writing piece focuses on behavioural issues and management that arose during my first placement at a large, mixed sex secondary school located in Shropshire. During my time at the school, I have observed a number of teaching styles and strategies which have enabled me to reflect and develop my own teaching techniques. The class focussed upon within my report is a middle set year eight; within this class I have 4 SEN students and an extra teaching assistant to provide further support. Focus Socrates (469 – 399 B.C) stated; â€Å"The children now love luxury; they have bad manners, contempt for authority; they show disrespect for elders and love chatter in place of exercise. Children are now tyrants, not the servants of their households. They no longer rise when elders enter the room. They contradict their parents, chatter before company, gobble up dainties at the table, cross their legs, and tyrannize their teachers.† Since the ‘golden age’ the misbehaviour of students have been recognised both within the parental and school environment. This is still a noticeable issue which has been highlighted further by news reports, technological advances and government discussions, leading to many prevention measures being designed and implemented (e.g. Guidance for school staff members has been provided and published by the government entitled Behaviour and discipline in schools). Whilst practicing and attending Edge Hill lectures it was evident that withinShow MoreRelatedOrigins of Behaviorism Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pagesbehaviourism the influence of positivism. One of the goals of positivism was to unify psychology with natural science. Methodological behaviourism is a dominant theme in the writings of John Watson. 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Therefore, social development incorporates the ability to interact and communicate with other humans with civility and tolerance. Physical development focuses on the corporeal aspect of the human. Consequently, physical development